The built-up banks of the rivers are elegant and a joy to stroll along, while looking slightly further afield will reward you with some of the most breath-taking sceneries of Germany. An alternative way to explore this beautiful river region is to get a unique view from the water on a river cruise, such as The River Cruise Line's Rhine to Switzerland trip , which takes you to Mainz, as well as locations further upriver.
If you are thinking of visiting Mainz, these five reasons to love the city should be more than enough to add it to your itinerary. Enjoy your stay! By using this website, you agree that this site uses cookies.
Further information by using the following link. Sprungmarken Jump to content Jump to navigation Jump to search Jump to footer. Dynamische Navigation einblenden. Dynamische Navigation ausblenden. Search Search Search Search. You are here:. The impressive St. It has an enthralling history With a history that dates back over 2, years, there is plenty to delve into for buffs in Mainz.
It's a book lover's dream Part of Mainz's illustrious history falls within the world of books — the city was home to the inventor of the letterpress printing with moveable type , Johannes Gutenberg, who revolutionised the way books were produced in the fifteenth century.
In Mayor Carl Wallau and the council of Mainz persuaded the military government to sign a contract to expand the city. Beginning in , the city of Mainz assimilated the Gartenfeld , an idyllic area of meadows and fields along the banks of the Rhine River to the north of the rampart. The city expansion more than doubled the urban area which allowed Mainz to participate in the industrial revolution which had previously avoided the city for decades.
He also planned the first sewer system for the old part of town since Roman times and persuaded the city government to relocate the railway line from the Rhine side to the west end of the town. Enlarge Mainz including expansion zone the Rhine river The Mainz master builder constructed a number of state-of-the-art public buildings, including the Mainz town hall — which was the largest of its kind in Germany at that time — as well a synagogue, the Rhine harbour and a number of public baths and school buildings.
The Rhineland in which Mainz is located was to be a demilitarized zone until and the French garrison, representing the Triple Entente , was to stay until reparations were paid. In Mainz participated in the Rhineland separatist movement that proclaimed a republic in the Rhineland. It collapsed in The French withdrew on 30 June Adolf Hitler became chancellor of Germany in January, and his political opponents, especially those of the Social Democratic Party, were either incarcerated or murdered.
Some were able to move away from Mainz in time. One was the political organizer for the SPD, Friedrich Kellner, who went to Laubach, where as the chief justice inspector of the district court he continued his opposition against the Nazis by recording their misdeeds in a page diary. They hoisted the swastika on all public buildings and began to denounce the Jewish population in the newspapers. In the forces of the Third Reich reentered the Rhineland with a great fanfare, the first move of the Third Reich's meteoric expansion.
The former Triple Entente took no action. During World War II, more than 30 air raids destroyed about 80 percent of Mainz city centre, including most of the historic buildings. By this time the Elector had long since fled, and at the same time the fortress of Mainz was completely understaffed. The fortress surrendered without a fight, opened its gates and French troops led by General Custine entered the city.
Mainz was now the centre of political and military action for France in order to penetrate areas on the right bank of the Rhine. The occupiers did not want to be perceived as conquerors or oppressors, but much more as liberators. Just a few days after the conquest, the first Jacobin clubs were founded and trees of freedom were erected.
Although the ideals of the French Revolution found supporters in the region, the French were disappointed by the continuing inertia of the "liberated" as early as November Instead of the originally promised self-determination of the territory, French democracy was now forcibly introduced.
On 24 February the elections for the so-called "Rheinisch-Deutschen Nationalkonvent" took place. About a month later, the first democratically elected people's representation met for its constituent session in the Mainzer Deutschhaus today's seat of the parliament of Rhineland Palatinate.
But the Republic of Mainz only existed for a short time. The German sovereigns wanted to recapture the city. In March , a German army of 44, men had completely encircled Mainz.
In June they started bombardment and caused devastating fires and destruction within the city walls.
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